依據National Archives and Records Administration 全文翻譯。
翻譯人﹕易小平﹔1983到1984年在中經[國]長沙或北京閱讀英語書文章﹐2001年在加拿大英哥倫比亞省翻譯﹐2002年3月在加利福尼亞州修改﹐2010年7月和2023年1月23到2月1日在俄和[亥俄]州修改﹐2023-09-09﹐2025-04-09)。
Chinese Translation by Yi XiaoPing; year 1983 to 1984 read English book article in Changsha or Beijing of China, year 2001 translation in British Columbia province, Canada, revision March 2002 in California state, revision in July 2010 and on January 23rd to February 1st, 2023 in Ohio state, 2023-09-09, 2025-04-09).
The Declaration of Independence 義立宣言
A Transcription文書紀錄
IN CONGRESS, July 4, 1776.
1776年7月4日在議會裡
The unanimous Declaration of the thirteen (state of the) united States of America﹐
美洲佑義州經13個州一致宣告﹕
We hold these truths to be self-evident, that all men are created equal, that they are endowed by their Creator with certain unalienable Rights, that among these are Life, Liberty and the pursuit of Happiness.--That to secure these rights, Governments are instituted among Men, deriving their just powers from the consent of the governed, --That whenever any Form of Government becomes destructive of these ends, it is the Right of the People to alter or to abolish it, and to institute new Government, laying its foundation on such principles and organizing its powers in such form, as to them shall seem most likely to effect their Safety and Happiness. Prudence, indeed, will dictate that Governments long established should not be changed for light and transient causes; and accordingly all experience hath shewn, that mankind are more disposed to suffer, while evils are sufferable, than to right themselves by abolishing the forms to which they are accustomed. But when a long train of abuses and usurpations, pursuing invariably the same Object evinces a design to reduce them under absolute Despotism, it is their right, it is their duty, to throw off such Government, and to provide new Guards for their future security.--Such has been the patient sufferance of these Colonies; and such is now the necessity which constrains them to alter their former Systems of Government. The history of the present King of Great Britain is a history of repeated injuries and usurpations, all having in direct object the establishment of an absolute Tyranny over these States. To prove this, let Facts be submitted to a candid world.
真理顯而易見，全體人氏[surname man姓氏 米人 人民 明義士]生而平等，祖先賜予他們一定的不排外的[不可离身的]正義(justice rights)，其中保括“生命、族譜教學、追求幸福、、、”；為了補助這些正義，家福人氏[家廷 家庭 政府]由人氏組成，從人氏的同意中取得動力；每當家福人氏[家廷 家庭 政府]形式變為破坏這些目的時候，人民有(正)義(正氣 政權 義證)改變或清除之，并且建立新的家福人氏[家廷 家庭 政府]；其基礎原則和動力組織形式要盡可能有效地保證人民的補助[安全]和幸福。誠然，從謹慎的立場看，歷史悠久的家福人氏[家廷 家庭 政府]不得因為輕淡和短逝的原因而改變。一切經驗表明，人類雖然可以忍受邪惡之苦，但不如走向正義，清除習以為常的形式。當一連串的掠待和掠奪表現它在按設計把人民化為絕對暴政的對象時，人民有義務推翻該家福人氏[家廷 家庭 政府]，為將來的補助提供新衛兵。本殖民地已經耐心忍受，這就是為什么人民不得不改變過去的家福人氏[家廷 家庭 政府]系統。現今的大英“King 乾士[國王 經士]”的歷史是不斷造成傷害和掠奪的歷史，其直接目的是在各州建立絕對暴政。為證實這一些，讓如下事實訴諸于精彩的世界。
(翻譯註釋﹕參考語文和英語諺語“time is life 時間就是生命, time in heart is forever 心中時間永久”﹐必須改正證書的限制時間﹐實現幸福“復複譜籍”。宣言中的“government 家福人氏[家福姓氏 家廷 家庭 政府 家福明義士]”受誤解為“ministry 明義士軍政[朝廷 行政 部分 軍政 國務院]”﹐宣言中的動詞 “institute” 的誤用導致 “government 家福人氏” 上昇。 “institute 明義士單位[學院] \ institution 師傅明義士單位[學院]” 不可和 “government 家福人氏[家廷 人民政府]” 或 “constitution 鄉村人氏[憲法]” 混淆而造成“[倒]菿立金字塔”社會。“candid world 精彩的世界”提示面向世界。英語榮譽名稱“King”意在模仿易經[周易]之“[Khien]乾士”﹐但它和“經 Jingdom [kingdom]”混淆﹐英語名詞“King, Kingdom”和英語等等字符語言不符合正義､“易經[周易]”福字宗教教材。“King, Kingdom, Queen”即“Qian 乾, Jing \ Jingdom 經, Kun 坤”意在指向“易經[周易]”和“正義”。)
(Translation note: With reference to the Chinese language character and English language proverb "time is life 時間就是生命, time in heart is forever 心中時間永久", one must correct positively the limit time in witness book [certificate], and realize happyness "復複譜籍 plural genealogy native or self place". in the declaration, "government 家福人氏[家福姓氏 家廷 家庭 政府 家福明義士]" was subject to false understanding as "ministry 明義士軍政[朝廷 行政 部分 軍政 國務院]", and the false use of the verb "institute" did lead to the rise of "government 家福人氏". "institute 明義士單位[學院] \ institution 師傅明義士單位[學院]" must not confuse with "government 家福人氏[家廷 人民政府]" or "constitution 鄉村人氏[憲法]" to cause "[倒]菿立金字塔 upside down pyramid" society. "candid world 精彩的世界" indicate to face the world. The English honor title "King" did mean to imitate character "[Khien]乾士" of Yi Jing [Jiu - zhou Yi], but it does confuse with "經 Jingdom [kingdom]", English noun "King, Kingdom" and the English language etc. alphabet language does not accord with justice rights, "Yi Jing [Jiu - zhou Yi]" Buddhism religion teaching material. "King, Kingdom, Queen", i.e. "Qian 乾, Jing \ Jingdom 經, Kun 坤" mean to point to "易經[周易] Yi Jing [Jiu - zhou Yi]" and "正義 justice rights")
{參考“命”字提示靠義8字到正義18字､易經[周易]81字﹐克服死亡､廢墟､暴政證書等等工作。“rights 義, independence 義立”的“權利, 獨立”誤譯造成“power 動力, authority 威信”的“權力”誤譯。字符語言､英語“GOD 神\上帝”指向“義”字和福字宗教[聖經基督宗教]﹐但誤解很多﹐例如﹐“government 家福人氏[政府], 3 branch 三分支 複數”名詞的歷史性誤用﹐“高地 high place”﹐“行政[去回]”﹐“國country, 公 common [public]”﹐“nationality 人氏身份[國籍], citizen 義士[公民]”﹔“GOD 神
'5c上帝”還受誤解為“almighty 全能的\最強大的, invisible 隱形的, omnipresent 無所不在”。英語“men”包括“man, male man, wo man, wo men”。上節意在宣告正義､人民義立[獨立]﹐即人民義士(見定住義士社會補助數碼證卡﹐“religious Christian 宗教義士, Christmas 義士節[籍]”)。標題“佑義州經 義立宣言”承認和擁護正義､義士榮譽､和平等等。該名稱和宣言有一定護照證書意義。無論過去還是現在﹐都需要實現､擁護“government 家福人氏[家廷 家庭 政府], ministry 明義士民政[朝廷義士 行政 組成部份 軍政 國務院]”。}
{ref. character "命 life" does indicate to rely on rights 8 character to justice rights 18 character, Yi Jing (Jiu - zhou Yi) 81 character, in order to overcome the work of death, desolation, tyranny witness book [certificate, diploma] etc.. The false translation of "rights 義, independence 義立" into "權利, 獨立" does cause the false translation of "power 動力, authority 威信" as "權力". The alphabet and English language word "GOD 神\上帝" does point to character "義 rights" and Buddhism religion [Bible Christian religion], but there is much false understanding, e.g. the historic false use of word "government 家福人氏[政府], 3 branch 三分支 複數", "高地 high place", "行政[去回]", "國country, 公 common [public]", "nationality 人氏身份[國籍], citizen 義士[公民]"; "GOD 神\上帝" is also subject to false understanding as "almighty 全能的\最強大的, invisible 隱形的, omnipresent 無所不在". English word "men" does include "man, male man, wo man, wo men". The above paragragh did mean to declare justice rights, people independence, i.e., people rightist-citizen (see resident social security number witness card, "religious Christian 宗教義士, Christmas 義士節[籍]"). The name title "united states佑義州經, declaration of independence 義立宣言" admit and support justice rights, rightist-citizen honor, peace etc.. This name title and declaration have a certain passport witness book [certificate, diploma] meaning. Whether in the past or at present, it is necessary to realize and support "government 家福人氏[家廷 家庭 政府], ministry 明義士民政[朝廷義士 行政 組成部份 軍政 國務院]".}
He has refused his Assent to Laws, the most wholesome and necessary for the public good.
他拒絕批准[普]譜通的好的事物所必需的﹐最完整的勞治[law rule, 法律]。
(翻譯註釋﹕正義､義證義務､政治､和平等等必須克服勞治條文。義士-公民投票選舉代表政權制度不符合正義､義證義務､和平等等。)
(Translation note: justice rights, rights witness and rights duty, politics rule, peace etc. must overcome law rule item article. The system for the rightist-citizen to vote for representative-deputy democracy does not accord with justice rights, rights witness and rights duty, peace etc..)
He has forbidden his Governors to pass Laws of immediate and pressing importance, unless suspended in their operation till his Assent should be obtained; and when so suspended, he has utterly neglected to attend to them.
他禁止總督通過當前緊急重要的勞治[法律]﹐要求緩期實施﹐等待他的批准。可是一旦緩期﹐他便置之不理。
He has refused to pass other Laws for the accommodation of large districts of people, unless those people would relinquish the right of Representation in the Legislature, a right inestimable to them and formidable to tyrants only.
他拒絕通過其它適合廣大區域人民的勞治[法律]﹐卻要求那些人民放棄其在(立法)議會的(僧人譜義士)代表之(正)義(正氣 政權 義證)。該(正)義(正氣 政權 義證)對那些人民是不可估量的事物﹐是只有暴政人才害怕的事物。
(翻譯註釋﹕這提示議會代表人民通過的勞治[法律]也有暴政之嫌。)
(Translation note: this does indicate that the law rule that the legislature does pass on behalf of the people also has the suspicion of tyranny.)
He has called together legislative bodies at places unusual, uncomfortable, and distant from the depository of their public Records, for the sole purpose of fatiguing them into compliance with his measures.
他在不尋常﹐不舒適﹐遠離[普]譜通檔案館的地點召集(立法)議會。其唯一的目的是使(立法)議會疲勞﹐服從他的辦法。
He has dissolved Representative Houses repeatedly, for opposing with manly firmness his invasions on the rights of the people.
因為(僧人譜義士)代表議會以堅強的人格反對他對人民之(正)義的侵犯﹐他重複解散了(僧人譜義士)代表議會。
He has refused for a long time, after such dissolutions, to cause others to be elected; whereby the Legislative powers, incapable of Annihilation, have returned to the People at large for their exercise; the State remaining in the mean time exposed to all the dangers of invasion from without, and convulsions within.
在解散了(僧人譜義士)代表議會之後的長時間內﹐他卻拒絕別人得到選舉﹔因為不可破滅的立法動力已經由廣大人民行使﹐在此期間﹐各州面臨外來侵略和內部動亂的危險。
He has endeavoured to prevent the population of these States; for that purpose obstructing the Laws for Naturalization of Foreigners; refusing to pass others to encourage their migrations hither, and raising the conditions of new Appropriations of Lands.
他竭力防止移民到這些州居住﹐阻撓使外國人自然化的勞治[法律]。拒絕通過其它鼓勵移民的勞治[法律]﹐提高新土地分配的條件。
(翻譯註釋﹕自然化的勞治[法律]不符合正義､義證義務､義福發育[自由發展]､輪回義福[革命]､和平等等。唯一國籍勞治[法律條文]比自然化更差。)
(Translation note: the naturalization law rule does not accord with justice rights, rights witness and rights duty, free development, revolution, peace etc.. The unique country nationality law rule [method article clause] is more bad than naturalization.)
He has obstructed the Administration of Justice, by refusing his Assent to Laws for establishing Judiciary powers.
他拒絕批准建立司法動力的勞治[法律]﹐從而阻撓正義[司法]行政(安稻和明義士定量)。
(翻譯註釋﹕“立法 執法 司法”發法西斯分裂不符合正義､義證義務､義福發育[自由發展]､輪回義福[革命]､和平等等。)
(Translation note: the division and bifurcation of "law rule legislation, law rule enforcement [administration], law rule judicature" fascism does not accord with justice rights, rights witness and rights duty, free development, revolution, peace etc..)
He has made Judges dependent on his Will alone, for the tenure of their offices, and the amount and payment of their salaries.
他按照是否聽從他的意願來決定法官的任期和薪金及其支付。
He has erected a multitude of New Offices, and sent hither swarms of Officers to harrass our people, and eat out their substance.
他樹立無數新的辦公室﹐派出無數官員來騷擾我們的人民﹐吃掉他們的實物[糧食]。
He has kept among us, in times of peace, Standing Armies without the Consent of our legislatures.
在和平時期﹐他不征得我們(立法)議會的同意而在我們中間派遣常駐軍。
(翻譯註釋﹕“軍隊”或“軍政”不可代替“ministry 明義士-軍政[朝廷 行政 部份 軍政]”。)
(Translation note: "army" or "military" may not replace "ministry")
He has affected to render the Military independent of and superior to the Civil power.
他使軍政義立於並凌駕于福字(民事)動力之上。
He has combined with others to subject us to a jurisdiction foreign to our constitution, and unacknowledged by our laws; giving his Assent to their Acts of pretended Legislation:
他和別人合伙把我們鄉村人氏[憲章]之外的､不被我們勞治[法律]承認的司法管制強加於我們﹐批准別人弄虛作假的立法行動﹕
For Quartering large bodies of armed troops among us﹔
在我們中間駐紮大量的軍隊﹔
For protecting them, by a mock Trial, from punishment for any Murders which they should commit on the Inhabitants of these States﹔
利用假審判來保護那些謀殺這些州居民的殺人犯逃避懲罰﹔
For cutting off our Trade with all parts of the world﹔
切斷我們與世界各地的貿易﹔
(翻譯註釋﹕這表示義立宣言不是切斷世界各地[經 國 朝]之間的貿易等等聯繫。)
(Translation note: this does indicate that the declaration of independence is not to cut off trade etc. relationship between different part of the world.)
For imposing Taxes on us without our Consent﹔
未經我們同意而強制收稅﹔
For depriving us in many cases, of the benefits of Trial by Jury﹔
在許多案件上﹐剝奪我們應該享有的陪審團審判的效益﹔
(翻譯註釋﹕組織集體機構機器武器審判個人的制度是絕大多數迫害､壓迫､剝削､剝奪個人的奴隸制度。)
(Translation note: the system for the organization collective structure machinery weapon to try an individual is the slavery system for the vast majority to persecute, oppress, exploit and deprive the individual.)
For transporting us beyond Seas to be tried for pretended offences﹔
把我們押送到海外､以假罪行審判﹔
For abolishing the free System of English Laws in a neighbouring Province, establishing therein an Arbitrary government, and enlarging its Boundaries so as to render it at once an example and fit instrument for introducing the same absolute rule into these Colonies﹔
在鄰省廢除義福[自由]的英語勞治[法律]系統､建立隨便的家福人氏[政府]､擴張它的邊界﹐並且以此為例(作為合適的儀器)﹐把相同的絕對的統治引入這些殖民地﹔
For taking away our Charters, abolishing our most valuable Laws, and altering fundamentally the Forms of our Governments﹔
取消我們的憲章﹐廢除我們最有價值的勞治[法律]﹐根本改變我們的家福人氏[政府]形式﹔
For suspending our own Legislatures, and declaring themselves invested with power to legislate for us in all cases whatsoever.
中斷我們的[立法]議會﹐宣稱他們自己在任何情況下都有為我們立法的動力。
He has abdicated Government here, by declaring us out of his Protection and waging War against us.
他使這裡的家福人氏[政府]退位﹐宣佈不再保護我們﹐並對我們開戰。
He has plundered our seas, ravaged our Coasts, burnt our towns, and destroyed the lives of our people.
他掠奪了我們海﹐蹂躪了我們海岸﹐焚燒了我們鎮﹐毀滅了我們人民生活。
He is at this time transporting large Armies of foreign Mercenaries to compleat the works of death, desolation and tyranny, already begun with circumstances of Cruelty & perfidy scarcely paralleled in the most barbarous ages, and totally unworthy the Head of a civilized nation.
他此時在派遣大批的外部顧佣殺手軍，從事死亡、廢墟[拉人]和暴政[爆證 暴警]工作，其殘酷和背叛程度即使在最野蠻(安公)的時代也無與綸比，不配福字文明人氏[民族 國]的首腦。
(翻譯註釋﹕一方面﹐階級安大公護照等等證書的限制時間和國籍驗證標籤﹐即死亡線證書和差壞-死仔國籍榮譽﹐破壞正義､義士榮譽､“天時 地利 人和”﹐造成“廢墟[拉人]、暴政[爆證 暴警]、死亡工作”、災禍﹔另一方面﹐機器燃料以及炸藥､槍子[子彈]和火箭[導彈]是限制時間性､一次使用性消耗品﹐這就造成忘恩負義。建設慢﹐破壞快。不準抄寫的義版[版權]勞治[法律]造成內容和標題相反的患難﹐成堆的廢書和圖書館高樓大廈､機構機器。“負義證書[正文 詞義 勞治條文] 人人平等 金錢至上 ”造成“[倒]菿立金字塔社會”﹐反之亦然。正義､義證義務[證書]､義立起義一定要克服死亡線､廢墟､暴政工作﹐以及負義證書､失政､公敵､失敗､道德敗壞。)
(Translation note: on the one hand, the limit time and country nationality verification label, i.e. deadline witness book [certificate] and bad deadly country nationality honor of the class antagonism passport etc. witness book [certificate], destroy justice rights, rightist honor, "heavenly time, earthly benefit, people peace", and cause "works of desolation, tyranny and death", disaster and calamity; on the other hand, machine fuel as well as explosive, bullet and rocket are limit time, one time usage only consumption product, which did cause to forget grace and negate rights. It is slow to construct but fast to destruct. The copyright law rule that disallow copy to write does cause the tribulation of content to be contrary to title, pile of waste book and library skyscraper building, structure machinery. "negative rights witness book [certificate, diploma] [main text, word meaning, law rule article or clause], for all man to be equal, metal money as the utmost goal" cause "upside down pyramid society", and vice versa. Justice rights, rights witness and rights duty [witness book - certificate], independence and to go walk for rights must certainly overcome work of deadline, desolation and tyranny, as well as negative rights witness book [certificate], loss of politics, enemy, failure, moral failure.)
He has constrained our fellow Citizens taken Captive on the high Seas to bear Arms against their Country, to become the executioners of their friends and Brethren, or to fall themselves by their Hands.
他強迫我們在遠海被俘的同事義士[公民]持槍反抗自己本國﹐殺害朋友和兄弟﹐或者被殺。
(翻譯註釋﹕這批評對出外或外來人民義士的歧視﹐“謀殺自殺犯罪”﹐例如﹐限制時間的護照和限制時間的永久定住義士[居民]證書､唯一國籍公民證書､自然化公民證書。)
(Translation note: this does criticize discrimination against going abroad or foreign incoming people rightist-citizen, "murder suicide crime", such as limit time passport and limit time permanent resident witness book [certificate], unique country nationality citizenship witness book [certificate], naturalization citizenship witness book [certificate].)
He has excited domestic insurrections amongst us, and has endeavoured to bring on the inhabitants of our frontiers, the merciless Indian Savages, whose known rule of warfare, is an undistinguished destruction of all ages, sexes and conditions.
他在我們內部引發暴動，竭力帶來無情的印度人(獨立人 印第安人 “義立人/義士 rightist - citizen”)殺手對付前線的居民。這些殺手的已知戰爭統治是不分年齡、性別和狀況、一律毀滅。
(翻譯註釋﹕參考各經[國]負義護照､驗證標籤﹐等等證書的後果。)
(ref. consequence of negative rights passport, verification label, etc. witness book [certificate] of various Jingdom [country].)
In every stage of these Oppressions We have Petitioned for Redress in the most humble terms: Our repeated Petitions have been answered only by repeated injury. A Prince whose character is thus marked by every act which may define a Tyrant, is unfit to be the ruler of a free people.
在遭受這些壓迫的不同階段﹐我們都謙卑請願糾正。然而我們不斷的請願卻得到不斷傷害的回應。其行為表現為暴政人的王子(公主)不配義福[自由]人民的統治者。
(翻譯註釋﹕“王子[公主]”提示忘恩負義的首都資本護照等等負義證書､大師-大使館資本公敵失敗。後來﹐“普林斯頓大學”提示數量更多的“譜義人氏”-“大學王子[公主]”﹐以及“Queens college - university 坤師[皇後]學院-義福務單位[大學]”。)
(ref. "Prince [princess]" does indicate the capital city capital passport etc. negative rights witness book [certificate] to forget grace and negate rights, embassy - ambassador capital enemy failure. At a later time, "Princeton University" would indicate much more "prince" - "university prince [princess]", as well as "Queens college - university 坤師[皇後]學院-義福務單位[大學]".)
Nor have We been wanting in attentions to our Brittish brethren. We have warned them from time to time of attempts by their legislature to extend an unwarrantable jurisdiction over us. We have reminded them of the circumstances of our emigration and settlement here. We have appealed to their native justice and magnanimity, and we have conjured them by the ties of our common kindred to disavow these usurpations, which, would inevitably interrupt our connections and correspondence. They too have been deaf to the voice of justice and of consanguinity. We must, therefore, acquiesce in the necessity, which denounces our Separation, and hold them, as we hold the rest of mankind, Enemies in War, in Peace Friends.
我們並沒有要求英聯邦兄弟對我們留意。對於他們[立法]議會把不必要的司法管制延伸到我們這裡﹐我們時常對他們提出警告。我們提醒過他們我們為何遷移到此地定居。我們曾向他們請願籍貫正義[司法]和寬宏大量﹐提示他們從骨肉關係ぴ想而停下掠奪﹐這掠奪必然中斷我們之間的聯繫和通信[訊]。可是﹐他們仍然對正義和血緣之聲閉耳不聽。因此﹐我們必須默認[冷對]他們對分裂的譴責﹐在對待他們和人類其它人的問題上﹐視開戰人為公敵﹐認和平人為朋友。
(翻譯註釋﹕英語詞到語文字翻譯“沉默 silence - acquiesce 默許\默認, 沉沒 sink”。)
(Translation note: English word to Chinese language character translation "沉默 silence - acquiesce 默許\默認, 沉沒 sink".)
We, therefore, the Representatives of the united States of America, in General Congress, Assembled, appealing to the Supreme Judge of the world for the rectitude of our intentions, do, in the Name, and by Authority of the good People of these Colonies, solemnly publish and declare, That these United Colonies are, and of Right ought to be Free and Independent States; that they are Absolved from all Allegiance to the British Crown, and that all political connection between them and the State of Great Britain, is and ought to be totally dissolved; and that as Free and Independent States, they have full Power to levy War, conclude Peace, contract Alliances, establish Commerce, and to do all other Acts and Things which Independent States may of right do. And for the support of this Declaration, with a firm reliance on the protection of divine Providence, we mutually pledge to each other our Lives, our Fortunes and our sacred Honor.
因此﹐作為[美國]佑義州經的(僧人譜義士)代表﹐我們在議會聚會﹐向世界最高法官(朝廷)請願﹐認證我們的意願。以各殖民地善良人民的名義和威信莊嚴發表和宣告﹕
這些佑義[聯合]殖民地在正義上應該是義福[自由]和義立[獨立]之州﹔脫離對大英王冠的所有依附﹔與大英州[國]的所有政治聯繫已經而且應該完全裁撤[消失]﹔作為義福[自由]和義立[獨立]州﹐完全有動力征戰､談和､立盟､通商[建立商業]﹐以及做義立[獨立]州按正義可能做的所有其它行動和事物。為了擁護該宣告﹐除了堅定地依靠神聖的天意保祐(護)﹐我們互相以生命､福氣和神聖榮譽來發誓。
(翻譯註釋﹕該宣言提示義立是必要的﹐但缺乏條件﹐意在請求世界[朝廷天子]援助。“我們生命､福氣和榮譽”提示保證義8字等等正義和義士榮譽。英語詞“right write unite 右寫佑義”提示做正義事物。)
(Translation note: this declaration did indicate the independence was necessary, but there was lack of condition. It did mean to request the world for aid. "our life, fortune and honor" indicate to ensure rights 8 character etc. justice rights and rights-citizen honor. English word "right write unite 右寫佑義" indicate to write and do justice rights thing.)
The 56 signatures on the Declaration appear in the positions indicated:
56個簽名者姓名及順序如下﹕
Georgia: Button Gwinnett Lyman Hall George Walton
North Carolina: William Hooper Joseph Hewes John Penn
South Carolina: Edward Rutledge Thomas Heyward, Jr. Thomas Lynch, Jr. Arthur Middleton
Massachusetts: John Hancock
Maryland: Samuel Chase William Paca Thomas Stone Charles Carroll of Carrollton
Virginia George Wythe Richard Henry Lee Thomas Jefferson Benjamin Harrison Thomas Nelson, Jr. Francis Lightfoot Lee Carter Braxton
Pennsylvania: Robert Morris Benjamin Rush Benjamin Franklin John Morton George Clymer James Smith George Taylor James Wilson George Ross
Delaware: Caesar Rodney George Read Thomas McKean
New York: William Floyd Philip Livingston Francis Lewis Lewis Morris
New Jersey: Richard Stockton John Witherspoon Francis Hopkinson John Hart Abraham Clark
New Hampshire: Josiah Bartlett William Whipple
Massachusetts: Samuel Adams John Adams Robert Treat Paine Elbridge Gerry
Rhode Island Stephen Hopkins William Ellery
Connecticut: Roger Sherman Samuel Huntington William Williams Oliver Wolcott
New Hampshire: Matthew Thornton
END OF DECLARATION OF INDEPENDENCE.
義立宣言末尾。
Translator's Note: The following major war events are from the book entitled Chronicle of America published by Dorling Kindersley Publishing, Inc. New York.
翻譯人註釋﹕如下主要戰爭時間摘自Chronicle of America﹐出版者 Dorling Kindersley Publishing, Inc. New York.
April 1775 - first hostility of the War of Independence in Massachusetts. 義立[獨立]戰爭首次敵意。
July 4, 1776 - Declaration of Independence in Philadelphia of Pennsylvania.賓夕法場尼亞州費城義立[獨立]宣言。
1781 - Principal British army surrends. 大英軍主力投降。
1783 - Peace treaty between Britain and United States. 大英和[美國]佑義州經和平條約。
1799 - United States - French Naval War. [美國]佑義州經-法經海戰。
1812 - United States - Britain War. [美國]佑義州經-大英戰爭。
1846 - United States - Mexico War. [美國]佑義州經-墨西哥戰爭。
1861 - 1865 United States Civil War, more than 600,000 death. [美國]佑義州經福字[內]戰爭(主要是消除奴隸制問題)﹐死亡人數600,000。
2023年感想﹕1911年孫中山(逸仙 文)等等11字原則“義人氏政權 人民生活輪回”。1776年[美國獨立]佑義州經義立宣言含“生命、族譜教學、追求幸福、、、”﹐反對“死亡、廢墟[拉人]和暴政[爆證 暴警]工作”。成語“生死乃一氣[遺棄 起契啟欺 尺吃 汽器 砌妻戚 企漆]之差"､“差之毫厘 失之千里[遷離]”。 Year 2023 reflection thought: Year 1911 Sun YatSen etc. 11 character principle "nationalism democracy, people livelihood". In the year 1776 United States Declaration of Independence there is "Life, Liberty and the pursuit of Happiness ---", and fight against "works of death, desolation and tyranny". Idiom "life and death are only one breathe [遺棄 起契啟欺 尺吃 汽器 砌妻戚 企漆] apart", "difference or shortage of cent or centimeter may cause loss of 1000 village Li [departure]".